Teacher's Folders

Sunday, March 25, 2012





Russia

The name of my country is Russia or The Russian Federation. A person who lives in Russia is a Russian, so I am Russian. In my country, the official language is Russian too. However, there are over one hundred minority languages spoken in Russia today. Some of them are Abaza, Adyghe, Lezgy, etc.
The capital city is Moscow. Other important cities are Saint Petersbourg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Omsk or Kazan.
Russia has international borders with 14 sovereign states. They are Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, North Korea. With a land border of 20,241 kilometres in total it has, behind China, the second-longest land border of any country.
For a long time, Russia had a communist regime with many other states. They were together in the Soviet Union. The Russian Federation was the largest nation to emerge from the break up of the Soviet Union in 1991. Nowadays, the Russian political system is a democracy, one of the younger democracies in Europe and it has changed from Communism to Capitalism.
The currency of the Russian Federation is the ruble or rouble.
At 17,075,400 square kilometres, Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than one eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is also the eighth most populous nation. The population of Russia in 2011 is 141,837,976, according to Rosstat, the official Russian Government statisticians.
Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources and is the number one natural gas producer.
Russian cuisine widely uses fish, poultry, mushrooms, berries, and honey. Crops of rye, wheat, barley, and millet provide the ingredients for various breads, pancakes and cereals, as well as for beer and vodka drinks. Black bread is rather popular in Russia, compared to the rest of the world. Flavourful soups and stews include shchi, borsch, ukha, solyanka and okrosshka. Chicken Kiev, pelmeni and shashlyk are popular meats dishes. Other meat dishes include stuffed cabbage rolls usually filled with meat. Salads are really good.
The history of Russia has important events. Some of them are: Human bones of the age of 35000-40000 years have been found in Russia; this people were the first modern humans in Europe.
From 1721 until 1917, Russia was an empire, ruled by the Russian Tsars. The family name of the Tsars was the Romanovs. The last Russian Tsar was Nicholas II. He abdicated in February 1917, and a Provisional Governement ruled Russia until the Bolshevik Revolution in October 1917 that led to the formation of the Soviet Union.
There are really important people in the history of Russia. Some of them are:
Ivan the Terrible, the first Czar.
Catherine the Great, the Russian Empress during the Age of Enlightenment.
Czar Nicholas II and his family who were murdered in the Russian Revolution.
Vladimir Lenin, founder of Bolshevik party, the lider of the October Revolution. He was the founder of the Soviet Union.
Yuri Gagarin, the first human to travel into space.
Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space.
Mihail Gorbachov was the last General Secretary of the Communist party. He was one of the most important person in the changes from Communism to Capitalism in The Soviet Union.
Russia is not a member of the European Union.In my opinion, Russia is a beautiful country, with wonderful landscapes and important monuments like the Kremlin. But I would not like living there because it is a cold country and the language is really difficult to learn. However, I would like traveling to Russia and know cities like Moscow or San Petersbourg.

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